Comparison of the efficacy of latanoprost versus dorzolamide/timolol fixed combination therapy in patients with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma according to glaucoma stage / Comparação da eficácia da terapia de combinação fixa latanoprosta versus dorzolamida/timolol em pacientes com glaucoma pseudoesfoliativo de acordo com o estágio de glaucoma

ABSTRACT Purpose: Only a few trials have compared the intraocular pressure-lowering effects of prostaglandin analogs to carbonic anhydrase inhibitor plus beta-blocker fixed-dose combination therapy in patients with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma. Furthermore, the influence of the glaucoma stage on the intraocular pressure-lowering effects of these drug types has not been studied. The purpose of this study was to compare the IOP-lowering efficacy of latanoprost, a prostaglandin analog versus dorzolamide/timolol fixed combination, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor plus beta-blocker fixed-dose combination therapy, in patients with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma based on glaucoma stage. Methods: The data of 32 eyes (32 patients) diagnosed with uniocular pseudoexfoliative glaucoma and treated with topical latanoprost (Group 1) or dorzolamide/timolol fixed combination (Group 2) were retrospectively assessed. The groups were subdivided into early and moderate-advanced stages. Patients' demographics, baseline intraocular pressure, final intraocular pressure, and intraocular pressure difference (the difference between the baseline and final intraocular pressure) were determined from medical records and compared between groups and according to glaucoma stage. Results: The mean drug use duration was 17.7 ± 13.5 months. No significant differences in mean baseline intraocular pressure, mean final intraocular pressure and mean intraocular pressure difference between Groups 1 and 2. In Group 2, the mean intraocular pressure difference was significantly greater in patients with early versus moderate-advanced stage glaucoma (p=0.015). The difference, however, was not detected in Group 1. The mean intraocular pressure difference in early-stage glaucoma was significantly greater in Group 2 versus 1 (p=0.033). Conclusions: Latanoprost and dorzolamide/timolol fixed combination are effective treatments for newly diagnosed pseudoexfoliative glaucoma. In early-stage pseudoexfoliative glaucoma, greater intraocular pressure reduction was noted with dorzolamide/timolol fixed combination than with latanoprost; thus, dorzolamide/timolol fixed combination should be considered when a significant decrease in intraocular pressure is desired in early-stage glaucoma.

RESUMO Objetivo: Estudos limitados examinaram os efeitos de redução de pressão intraocular de análogos de prostaglandina versus inibidor de anidrase carbônica mais terapia de combinação de dose fixa beta-bloqueador em pacientes com glaucoma pseudoesfoliativo. Além disso, a influência do estágio de glaucoma nos efeitos de redução da pressão intraocular desses tipos de drogas não foi avaliada. Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar a eficácia de redução do IOP do latanoprosta, uma combinação fixa análoga de prostaglandina versus dorzolamida/timolol, um inibidor de anidrase carbônica mais terapia de combinação de dose fixa beta-bloqueador, em pacientes com glaucoma pseudoesfoliativo de acordo com o estágio de glaucoma. Métodos: Os dados de 32 olhos (32 pacientes) diagnosticados com glaucoma pseudoesfoliativo monocular e tratados com latanoprosta tópica (Grupo 1) ou combinação fixa de dorzolamida/timolol (Grupo 2) foram avaliados retrospectivamente. Os grupos foram subdivididos em estágios inicial e moderado-avançado. A demografia dos pacientes, a pressão intraocular da linha de base, a pressão intraocular final e a diferença de pressão intraocular (a diferença entre a pressão intraocular da linha de base e a pressão intraocular final) foram determinadas a partir dos prontuários médicos e comparadas entre os dois grupos e de acordo com o estágio de glaucoma. Resultados: A duração média do uso de drogas foi de 17,7 ± 13,5 meses. Nenhuma diferença significativa foi observada entre os grupos 1 e 2 para a média da pressão intraocularda linha de base, média da pressão intraocular final e média da diferença da pressão intraocular. No Grupo 2, a média da diferença da pressão intraocular foi significativamente maior em pacientes com glaucoma de estágio precoce versus moderado-avançado (p=0,015). No entanto, essa diferença não foi observada no Grupo 1. A média da diferença da pressão intraocular em glaucoma de estágio inicial foi significativamente maior no Grupo 2 versus 1 (p=0,033). Conclusões: Terapias com Latanoprosta e dorzolamida/timolol são tratamentos eficazes para glaucoma pseudoesfoliativo recém-diagnosticado. Observou-se em glaucoma pseudoesfoliativo de estágio inicial, uma maior redução da pressão intraocular com combinação fixa de dorzolamida/timolol do que com latanoprosta; assim, a combinação fixa de dorzolamida/timolol deve ser considerada quando uma diminuição significativa da pressão intraocular é almejada em glaucoma de estágio inicial.

Comparación de Latanoprostene bunod 0,024 % y Latanoprost 0,005 % en glaucoma de ángulo abierto e hipertensión ocular

Introducción: El glaucoma es la principal causa de ceguera irreversible en el mundo. La prevalencia mundial de glaucoma en personas de 40 a 80 años se estima en un 3,5 %. Objetivo: Comparar el efecto reductor de la PIO de Latanoprostene bunod (LBN) al 0,024% con Latanoprost al 0,005 % en sujetos con glaucoma de ángulo abierto (GAA) o hipertensión ocular (HTO). Metodología: Ensayo observacional de estudio de cohorte prospectivo. Resultados: Fue realizado en 28 pacientes (56 ojos) quienes fueron aleatorizados en 2 grupos paralelos (28 ojos por grupo), el grupo Latanoprost y el grupo LBN. En el grupo LBN la media de la PIO antes del tratamiento fue de 25,3 ± 6,6 mmHg y la media de la PIO luego de 1 mes de tratamiento fue de 16,5 ± 4,9 mmHg (p<0,05). En el grupo Latanoprost la media de la PIO antes del tratamiento fue de 23,6 ± 3,6 mmHg y la media de la PIO luego de 1 mes de tratamiento con Latanoprost al 0,005% fue de 15,3 ± 2,4 mmHg (p<0,05). Sin embargo, al comparar las PIOs luego de 1 mes de tratamiento con LBN 0,024% y Latanoprost 0,005% se objetiva que la diferencia en reducción de la presión intraocular entre estos dos fármacos no fue significativa (p= 0,238). Discusión: Las prostaglandinas tópicas, con su potente efecto hipotensor ocular son una importante opción de tratamiento para el glaucoma. La reducción de la PIO es la esperada con ambos medicamentos, sin embargo, no existen diferencias significativas entre ambas luego de 1 mes de uso. Con respecto a los efectos secundarios, en el grupo LBN se encontró más efectos adversos oculares.

Introduction: Glaucoma is the main cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. The global prevalence of glaucoma in people aged 40 to 80 years is estimated at 3.5%. Objective: To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering effect of 0.024% Latanoprostene bunod (LBN) with 0.005% Latanoprost in subjects with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) or ocular hypertension (OHT). Methods: Observational trial of prospective cohort study. Results: It was performed in 28 patients (56 eyes) who were randomized into 2 parallel groups (28 eyes per group), the Latanoprost group and the Latanoprostene bunod (LBN) group. In the LBN group, the mean intraocular pressure before treatment was 25.3 ± 6.6 mmHg and the mean intraocular pressure after 1 month of treatment was 16.5 ± 4.9 mmHg (p<0,05). In the Latanoprost group, the mean intraocular pressure before treatment was 23.6 ± 3.6 mmHg and the mean intraocular pressure after 1 month of treatment with 0.005% Latanoprost was 15.3 ± 2.4 mmHg (p<0,05). However, when comparing the IOPs to the 1-month treatment with Latanoprostene bunod 0.024% and Latanoprost 0.005%, it is observed, through ANOVA, that the difference in intraocular pressure reduction between these two drugs is not significant (p= 0,238). Discussion: Topical prostaglandins, with their potent ocular hypotensive effect (resulting from increased uveoscleral outflow), are an important treatment option for glaucoma. The IOP reduction is as expected with both drugs, however, there are no significant differences between the two. In the LBN group, more drug-related ocular adverse effects were found after 1 month of use.

Efficacy and safety of bimatoprost versus latanoprost in the treatment of glaucoma：a meta-analysis / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of bimatoprost and latanoprost in the treatment of glaucoma， and to provide evidence-based reference for clinical rational drug use. METHODS PubMed， Embase， the Cochrane Library， China Biology Medicine disc， CNKI， Wanfang Data， and VIP databases were searched by computer to collect the randomized controlled trials （RCTs） about bimatoprost （trial group） versus latanoprost （control group） in the treatment of glaucoma from the inception to March 2022. After screening the literature and extracting the data， the qualities of the included literature were evaluated using the bias risk assessment tool recommended by the Cochrane system evaluator manual 5.1.0. Meta-analysis， sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis were performed by using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 12 software. RESULTS A total of 2 181 patients were enrolled in 19 RCTs. Meta-analysis results showed that， the end point intraocular pressure reduction （IOPR） [MD＝0.89， 95%CI （0.53，1.25）， P＜0.000 01] of patients in trial group was significantly lower than control group， while the incidence of conjunctival congestion [RR＝1.89， 95%CI （1.59， 2.24）， P＜0.000 01] and eyelash growth [RR＝3.17， 95%CI （1.97，5.08）， P＜0.000 01] were significantly higher than control group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of eye irritation/foreign body sensation， pruritus， dry eye， eye inflammation， eye pain， visual impairment or iris/skin pigmentation between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. Results of subgroup analysis based on different medication time points showed that， the IOPR of patients in the trial group after 1， 3 and 6 months of treatment was significantly lower than control group （P＜0.05）. Results of sensitivity analysis showed that the result of this study was robust. The publication bias analysis showed that there was little possibility of publication bias in this study. CONCLUSIONS Compared with latanoprost， bimatoprost has more advantages in improving intraocular pressure， but the risk of conjunctival congestion and eyelash growth is higher than latanoprost.

Determination of five prostaglandin analogs in eyelash enhancing cosmetics by LC-MS/MS / 上海预防医学

Objective To determine bimatoprost， tafluprost ethyl amide， latanoprost， travoprost and tafluprost in eyelash enhancing cosmetics by establishing a LC-MS/MS method. Methods The samples were extracted with a 50% acetonitrile water solution. A salt mixture（4 g NaCl， 1 g MgSO4） was added to the solution to induce phase separation. After centrifugation and filtration， the analysis of five prostaglandin analogs was performed with an Agilent Poroshell 120 PFP-C18 （2.7 μm， 2.1 mm×100 mm） column， using 0.02% formic acid containing 5 mmol·L-1 Acetic acid amine and acetonitrile by gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.5 mL·min-1. The analytes were detected with electrospray ionization source in positive ion mode （ESI+） and multiple reaction monitoring （MRM）， and quantified by external standard curve. Results The results showed that it had a good linearity in the range of locatable ambit of concentration with correlation coefficients （r） larger than 0.999. The detection limit of five prostaglandin analogs （LOD） was 0.000 2‒1.5 μg·g-1. The spiked recoveries were 93.2% to 103.5% with a relative standard deviation （RSD） of 1.2% to 3.4%. Conclusion The method is simple， rapid and highly sensitive. It is suitable for the determination of five prostaglandin analogs in eyelash enhancing cosmetics.

Comparison of the hypotensor effect between latanoprost versus selective laser trabeculoplasty obtained with the water drinking test / Comparação do efeito hipotensor entre latanoprosta versus trabeculoplastia seletiva a laser obtida com teste de sobrecarga hídrica

ABSTRACT Purpose: Glaucoma is the main cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Peak intraocular pressure is one of the main risk factors for glaucoma progression, and intraocular pressure reduction remains the only therapeutic strategy for all types of glaucoma. The main purpose of our study was to compare the baseline and peak intraocular pressure reduction obtained with the water drinking test between the two eyes of the same patients using 0.005% latanoprost in one eye and selective laser trabeculoplasty application in the contralateral eye. Methods: This was a prospective, interventional, longitudinal, and randomized clinical trial, in which 30 consecutive glaucomatous patients, medically controlled using latanoprost monotherapy, were recruited from a single ophthalmological center. The patients' eyes were randomized, and one eye was selected for SLT treatment and topical 0.005% latanoprost was introduced in the contralateral eye. The baseline intraocular pressure and peak intraocular pressure were evaluated 1 month (water drinking test 2) and 6 months (water drinking test 3) after treatment. Results: There was no significant difference between the mean pre-washout intraocular pressure in the randomized eyes for selective laser trabeculoplasty and latanoprost (13.6 ± 2.1 and 13.3 ± 1.8 mmHg, respectively; p=0.182). Regarding baseline intraocular pressure, there was no significant difference in the water drinking test 2 (p=0.689) and water drinking test 3 (p=0.06) between the groups. There was no significant difference in the intraocular pressure peak between the SLT and latanoprost groups at water drinking test 2 (p=0.771) or water drinking test 3 (p=0.774). Conclusions: The intraocular pressure reduction efficacy is similar between latanoprost and selective laser trabeculoplasty. Glaucomatous patients who are medically controlled with latanoprost and switch treatment to selective laser trabeculoplasty maintain control of intraocular pressure.

RESUMO Objetivo: Glaucoma é a principal causa de cegueira irreversível no mundo. O pico da pressão intraocular é um dos principais fatores de risco para progressão do glaucoma, e o controle pressórico ainda é o único tratamento efetivo para todas as formas de glaucoma. O objetivo principal deste estudo é comparar a redução basal e do pico da pressão intraocular, obtidas através do Teste de Sobrecarga Hídrica, entre os dois olhos dos mesmos pacientes utilizando latanoprosta 0,005% em um olho e submetidos à aplicação de trabeculoplastia a laser seletiva no olho contralateral. Métodos: Este é um estudo prospectivo, intervencionista, longitudinal e randomizado. Trinta pacientes consecutivos, glaucomatosos, com pressão intraocular controlada em uso de monoterapia com latanoprosta, foram recrutados de um único centro oftalmológico. Os olhos dos pacientes foram randomizados e um olho foi selecionado para tratamento com trabeculoplastia a laser seletiva e olho contralateral tratado com colírio de latanoprosta 0,005%. Foram avaliados a pressão intraocular basal e pico de pressão intraocular um mês (Teste de Sobrecarga Hídrica 2) e seis meses (Teste de Sobrecarga Hídrica 3) após tratamento. Resultados: Não houve diferença estatística entre a pressão intraocular pré washout entre os olhos randomizados para trabeculoplastia a laser seletiva e latanoprosta, 13,6 ± 2,1 e 13,3 ± 1,8 mmHg, respectivamente (p=0,182). Em relação à pressão intraocular basal, não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos, tanto no Teste de Sobrecarga Hídrica 2 (p=0,689) e Teste de Sobrecarga Hídrica 3 (p=0,06). Não houve diferença estatística em relação ao pico de pressão intraocular entre os grupos trabeculoplastia a laser seletiva e latanoprosta, no Teste de Sobrecarga Hídrica 2 (p=0,771) e Teste de Sobrecarga Hídrica 3 (p=0,774). Conclusões: Em resumo, nosso estudo demonsrou que a eficácia da redução pressórica é similar entre latanoprosta e trabeculoplastia a laser seletiva, e pacientes glaucomatosos que estão com a pressão intraocular clinicamente controlados com latanoprosta e trocam de tratamento para trabeculoplastia a laser seletiva mantém sua pressão intraocular controlada.

Comparative evaluation of Latanoprostene Bunod, Timolol Maleate, and latanoprost Ophthalmic Solutions to assess their safety and efficacy in lowering intraocular pressure for the management of Open-Angle Glaucoma

OBJECTIVES: Timolol maleate has been reported to be a safer intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering treatment than latanoprost. The United States Food and Drug Administration approved latanoprostene bunod, a nitric oxide-donating prodrug of latanoprost, for lowering IOP. This study compared the safety and efficacy of latanoprost, latanoprostene bunod, and timolol maleate in patients with open-angle glaucoma. METHODS: Patients who received latanoprost eye drops once daily in the evening were included in the latanoprost Ophthalmic Solutions (LP) cohort (n=104). Those who received latanoprostene bunod eye drops once daily in the evening were included in the Latanoprostene Bunod (LB) cohort (n=94). Those who received timolol eye drops twice daily were included in the Timolol Maleate (TM) cohort (n=115). All treatments were administered to the affected eye(s) for 3 months. Informed Consent has been taken from each participant before the trial. RESULTS: At the end of 3 months of treatment, latanoprost, latanoprostene bunod, and timolol were all successful in reducing IOP. The LB cohort had the highest reduction in IOP, compared to the LP and TM cohorts. All treatments had some common adverse ocular effects. CONCLUSION: Latanoprostene bunod was superior to latanoprost and timolol for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma.

Effect of long-term application of prostaglandin analogue eye drops on conjunctival flora in glaucoma patients / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To investigate the effect of long-term application of prostaglandin analogue eye drops on conjunctival flora in glaucoma patients.<p>METHODS: Totally 69 patients(113 eyes)with glaucoma treated with latanoprostaglandin from June 2016 to June 2017 were selected, and the sensitivity of conjunctival flora and staphylococcus epidermidis to antibiotics was examined after admission, 3mo and 1a.<p>RESULTS: The number of bacterial eyes detected at admission, 3mo and 1a were 63, 66 and 67 respectively(χ²=2.496, <i>P</i>=0.287). There was no difference in the detection rates of staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus hominis, staphylococcus hemolyticus and moraxella at the time of admission, 3mo and 1a(<i>P</i>>0.05). The ratio of MRSE at 3mo was higher than that at entry(χ²=3.063, <i>P</i>=0.062). The ratio of MRSE at 1a was higher than that at 3mo(χ²=38.945, 24.984, all <i>P</i><0.001). The susceptibility of staphylococcus epidermidis to levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin, ceftazidime, tobramycin, cefmethime and erythromycin at 3mo was lower than that at the time of admission, but there was no difference(<i>P</i>>0.0167), while the susceptibility of staphylococcus epidermidis to chloramphenicol at 3mo was lower than that at entry(<i>P</i><0.0167). The sensitivity of staphylococcus epidermidis to levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin, ceftazidime, cefmethime, tobramycin, chloramphenicol and erythromycin at 1a was lower than that at 3mo(<i>P</i><0.0167).<p>CONCLUSION: The long-term application of latanoprostaglandin will not affect the detection rate of conjunctival flora, but can increase the incidence of MRSE. Clinically, patients who need long-term application of latanoprostaglandin should be considered comprehensively to prevent the emergence of drug-resistant strains in order to prevent uncontrollable infection.

Effect of latanoprost on cell proliferation of and melanogenesis in human epidermal melanocytes and its mechanism / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of latanoprost on cell proliferation of and melanogenesis in human epidermal melanocytes,and to explore its mechanism.Methods Latanoprost was added into the 254 medium to prepare latanoprost solutions at different concentrations of 10-5,10-6 and 10-7 mol/L.In vitro cultured human epidermal melanocytes were divided into 4 groups to be cultured with media containing no latanoprost (control group) or 10-5,10-6 and 10-7 mol/L latanoprost for 48 hours.Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay was performed to evaluate the proliferative activity of melanocytes,dopa oxidation assay to estimate the activity of tyrosinase.Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)-lysis method was used to determine the content of melanin,and Masson-Fontana staining to observe the number and distribution of melanin granules.Westernblot analysis and real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR were performed to determine the protein and mRNA expression of melanogenesis-related genes including microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF),tyrosinase (TYR) and tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1).Comparison among the 4 groups and multiple comparisons were done by using one-way analysis of variance and least significant difference (LSD)-t test.Results Compared with the control group,the 10-6-,10-5-mol/L latanoprost groups showed significantly increased proliferative activity of melanocytes (1.064 ± 0.172 and 1.078 ± 0.080 vs.0.784 ± 0.015;t =3.289,3.454 respectively,both P ＜ 0.05),increased activity of tyrosinase (0.510 ± 0.017 and 0.454 ± 0.009 vs.0.355 ± 0.041;t =6.139,3.939 respectively,P ＜ 0.01 or 0.05),and increased content of melanin (t =7.232,5.967,both P ＜ 0.01).However,there were no significant differences in the proliferative activity of melanocytes,activity of tyrosinase or content of melanin between the 10-7-mol/L latanoprost group and control group (all P ＞ 0.05).Masson-Fontana staining showed more and darker melanin granules on melanocyte dendrites in the 10-5-,10-6-,10-7-mol/L latanoprost groups than in the control group,and the color of melanin granules changed from light brown to black brown along with the increase in the concentration of latanoprost.The mRNA expression of MITF increased along with the increase in the concentration of latanoprost (P ＜ 0.01),and the protein expression of MITF wassignificantly higher in the 10-6,10-5-mol/L latanoprost groups than in the control group and 10-7-mol/L latanoprost group (all P ＜ 0.01).The 10-6-mol/L latanoprost group showed significantly increased mRNA and protein expression of TYR and TYRP1 compared with the control group,10-7-,10-5-mol/L latanoprost groups (all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Latanoprost can increase the proliferation of human epidermal melanocytes,and promote tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis likely by enhancing the mRNA and protein expression of MITF,TYR,TYRP1.

Clinical Observation of Different Combination Regimens of Latanoprost and Timolol in the Treatment of Primary Open-angle Glaucoma / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of different combination regimens of latanoprost combined with timolol in the treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma(POAG). METHODS:By 2×2 self-cross controlled regimen,a total of 50 POAG patients were selected from Sanya Municipal People's Hospital during Jan. 2014-Nov. 2016,and then divided into group A and B according to random number tablet,with 25 cases in each group. Group A received traditional regimens (Latanoprost eye drops,once every night,one drop each time+Timolol maleate eye drops,once in the morning and evening,one drop each time);after 8 weeks of treatment and 48 h washout period,group A was given modified regimen(Latanoprost eye drops,once every night,one drop each time+Timolol maleate eye drops,once every morning,one drop each time)for 8 weeks. Group B was given modified regimen;after 8 weeks of treatment and 48 h washout period,then was given traditional regimen for 8 weeks. The 24 h average intraocular pressure,peak and trough intraocular pressure before and after medication,ocular hemodynamics [end diastolic velocity(EDV),peak systolic velocity(PSV),resistance index(RI)] and ADR were recorded in 2 regimens. RESULTS:After received two regimens,24 h average intraocular pressure,peak and trough intraocular pressure, intraocular pressure fluctuation and RI were significantly lower than before treatment,while EDV and PSV were significantly higher than before treatment,with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance between 2 groups(P>0.05). The total incidence of ADR in patients receiving modified regimen was significantly lower than those receiving traditional regimen(4.0% vs. 22.0%),with statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:In traditional combination regimen of latanoprost combined with timolol,the frequency of timolol use was changed from twice in the morning and evening to once in the morning,which doesn't influence therapeutic efficacy but reduce ADR.

Effect of latanoprost on open angle glaucoma / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

· AIM:To explore the effect and mechanism of latanoprost on open-angle glaucoma.· METHODS:Totally 100 patients with open angle glaucoma who had been seeking treatment in our hospital between August 2015 and August 2017 were selected as the research subjects.These patients were divided into an observation group and a control group according to the random table method,with 50 cases in each group.The control group was treated with timolol maleate eye drops,1 drop per time,2 times a day,treated consecutively for 12wk.The observation group was given latanoprost eye drops for treatment,1 drop per time,1 time a day,for a continuous treatment of 12wk.The lOP,ocular hemodynamics,visual field defects and adverse reactions in the two groups were compared.· RESULTS:Before treatment,there was no statistically significant difference found on the intraocular pressure between the two groups (P＞0.05);at 4,8,12wk after the treatment,the intraocular pressure at different time points in the observation group was shown to be lower than that in the control group,where the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference shown in the artery hemodynamics indexes of CRA and PCA before and after treatment in the control group (P＞0.05);the indicators of EDV and PSV of CRA,PCA indicators in the observation group significantly increased,while the RI index decreased significantly,with the difference being statistically significant (P＜ 0.05).Before treatment,there was no statistically significant difference in all of the visual field defects between the two groups before treatment (P ＞ 0.05);after treatment,however,the scope of visual field defects was shrunk in both groups,with changes in the observation group more significant than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05) There was no statistically significant difference registered in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P＞0.05).· CONCLUSION:For patients with open angle glaucoma,latanoprost eye drops is with significant curative effects and of relatively high value,which can significantly reduce the intraocular pressure,improve the ocular hemodynamics,and reduce the scope of eye damage with high safety.

RP-HPLC determination of two stereoisomers in latanoprost eye drop / 中国药科大学学报

To establish an HPLC method for the determination of impurity Ⅰ and impurity Ⅱ in latanoprost eye drop.HPLC separation was carried on a Zorbax SB-C1s column (4.6 mm250 mm,5 m) with the mobile phase consisting of methanol-acetonitrile-water (adjusting pH to 3.0 with acetic acid) (56 ∶ 14 ∶ 30).The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min;the detection wavelength was 210 nm;and the injection volume was 100 μL.Impurity Ⅰ,impurity Ⅱ and latanoprost were separated efficiently under the selected HPLC conditions,with good linearity in the range of 0.049 99-0.999 8 g/mL for impurity Ⅰ and 0.049 94-0.998 8 g/mL for impurity II.The average recoveries of impurity Ⅰ and Ⅱ were 96.74％ (n =9) and 94.99％ (n =9),respectively.The established method can be used for the detection of stereoisomers in latanoprost eye drop.

Comparing the efficacy of Xalatan and a similar latanoprost ( Drenatan) in open angle glaucoma patients / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To compare the monotheraphy efficacy of the brand latanoprost Xalatan and a similar latanoprost ( Drenatan ) regarding intraocular pressure ( IOP ) reduction in patients with primary open angle glaucoma ( POAG) . ·METHODS:Sixty two patients (119 eyes) were enrolled in this observational, retrospective study. In the first visit, the patient came in using the brand latanoprost ( Xalatan) and it was changed to the similar latanoprost ( Drenatan) . In the second visit, 12wk later, a complete ophtalmologic exam including slit lamp examination, Goldmann applanation tonometry, stereoscopic fundus examination, gonioscopy, ultrasound pachymetry, automated visual field testing was performed. ·RESULTS:The mean IOP was 12. 30 ± 2. 02mmHg and 12. 38 ± 2. 05mmHg with using Xalatan and Drenatan, respectively. The P=0. 559 demonstrates this relation. In fact, a correlation between the groups of R=0. 987 points out the remarkable resemblance of both groups. ·CONCLUSION:Both Drenatan and Xalatan have similar efficacy in reducing IOP. Such finding is pivotal to public health to reduce cost and maintain its policies concerning drug efficacy and safety, this is especially significant in countries in which treatment cost is a barrier for patient adhesion to treatment.

Effects of drug combination on optic disc parameters and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness of high intraocular pressure type POAG patients / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

·AIM:To study the effects of timolol and latanoprost on optic disc parameters and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness of high intraocular pressure type POAG patients, and to provide guidance for clinical research.·METHODS: Totally 240 patients ( 336 eyes ) with high intraocular pressure type POAG in our hospital from November 2013 to November 2015 were randomly divided into control group and observation group, and each with a total of 120 cases (170 and 166 eyes, respectively). The patients in control group only received latanoprost treatment, while the observation group was treated with timolol and latanoprost treatment. After 3mo of treatment, we observed the therapeutic effects, and measured the optic disc parameters and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. The incidence of adverse reactions was observed in the following 1a.·RESULTS: The patients of observation group and the control group after treatment showed the improvement rates of 97. 6% and 80. 6%, respectively, and the observation group was significantly better than the control group, the two groups showed statistically significant (P<0. 05). The eye rim area, rim volume, rim volume and diameter of two groups after treatment were higher than before ( P < 0. 05 ) , while those of the observation group was significantly higher than control group ( P<0. 05 ) . Two groups of patients with vertical cup to disc diameter decreased obviously ( P<0. 05 ) , the observation group was significantly lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0. 05 ) . Between the two groups of patients, during the period, incidences of dry eyes, corneal and conjunctival hyperemia, infiltration blurred vision and other complications had no significant difference ( P>0. 05), and the 1a follow-up of patients showed no other adverse reactions.·CONCLUSION: The use of timolol and latanoprost therapy for high intraocular pressure type POAG patients showed that the patients improve obviously, the visual acuity has more improved and the parameters of optic disc and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness are also improved.

Long-term Results of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty versus Latanoprost or Dorzolamide/Timolol Fixed Combination

PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy of selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) in patients treated with either latanoprost or dorzolamide/timolol fixed combination (DTFC) for primary open-angle glaucoma. METHODS: This retrospective study included 92 consecutive patients who underwent a 180-degree SLT for the first time. The subjects divided into two groups:patients who received latanoprost (n = 63) or DTFC (n = 29) before and after SLT. The main outcome measure was intraocular pressure (IOP) decrease over five years after SLT. The mean IOP change, mean percentage of IOP reduction, and success rates were compared between the patients treated with latanoprost and the patients treated with DTFC. Success was defined as an IOP decrease ≥ 3 mm Hg or IOP reduction ≥ 20% without additional medications, laser surgery, or glaucoma surgery. RESULTS: At the postoperative one-year follow-up, the mean IOP was 15.7 ± 2.2 mm Hg in the latanoprost group and, 16.2 ± 2.4 mm Hg in the DTFC group. At the postoperative five-year follow-up, the mean IOP was 15.1 ± 2.5 mm Hg in the latanoprost group and, 14.6 ± 1.7 mm Hg in the DTFC group. There were no statistically significant differences in IOP change, percentage IOP reduction, or success rate between the groups at each time point after the SLT (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Selective laser trabeculoplasty showed a reasonable efficacy in lowering the IOP over a five-year follow-up period. There were no significant differences in IOP lowering effect or success rate between the patients treated with latanoprost or DTFC.

Desarrollo tecnológico de una solución oftálmica de latanoprost para el tratamiento del glaucoma / Technological development of latanoprost eye solution for treatment of glaucoma

Introducción: el latanoprost, análogo de la prostaglandina F2α, es un agonista selectivo del receptor FP prostanoide que reduce la presión intraocular por incremento del flujo del humor acuoso, se clasifica como un antiglaucomoso y se indica en el tratamiento del glaucoma de ángulo abierto y la hipertensión ocular. Objetivo: se diseñó una formulación de uso oftálmico conteniendo latanoprost como sustancia activa, a una concentración de 500 µg/mL, que cumpla con los índices de control de calidad para esta forma farmacéutica y proporcione el efecto terapéutico deseado. Métodos: se realizaron los estudios de formulación y se ensayaron nueve variantes tecnológicas, seleccionándose la composición y procedimiento tecnológico más adecuados para su posterior escalado en la industria. Se ajustó el pH empleando la trometamina y la isotonicidad, con manitol, según las exigencias de una formulación oftálmica. Se desarrolló y validó una técnica analítica por Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Resolución para estudiar la estabilidad, determinar su fecha de vencimiento y para efectuar el control de la calidad de la formulación. Resultados: el desarrollo tecnológico, resultó satisfactorio, se obtiene una formulación que cumple con todas las especificaciones descritas en la técnica desarrollada por el fabricante, para el control de la calidad del producto. Se comprobó que la preparación mantiene sus propiedades físicas, químicas y microbiológicas inalterables por un período de 24 meses, almacenada a una temperatura controlada entre 2 y 8 °C y protegido de la luz. El escalado a nivel piloto no reveló problemas tecnológicos y resultó no irritante, según el criterio establecido por la Unión Europea para la irritabilidad oftálmica. Conclusiones: se obtuvo una formulación de colirio de latanoprost, útil en el tratamiento del glaucoma, con todas las especificaciones de calidad para este tipo de forma farmacéutica, con lo que pudiera aumentarse el arsenal terapéutico de Cuba(AU)

Introduction: latanoprost, F2α prostaglandine analogue, is a selective FP receptor Prostanoide agonist that reduces the intraocular pressure due to increase of aqueous humor; it is classified as an anti-glaucoma drug and indicated for the treatment of open angle glaucoma and eye hypertension. Objective: aformula for ophthalmic uses was designed, which contains latanoprost as active ingredient at concentration of 500 µg/mL and complies with the quality control indexes for this pharmaceutical form and provides the desired therapeutic effect. Methods: the formulation studies were conducted and nine technological variants were tested; the most adequate composicion and technological procedure was selected for further industry scaling. The pH index and isotonicity were then adjusted using trometamin and manitol, respectively according to the demands of the eye formulation. A high resolution liquid chromatography-based analytical technique was developed and validated to study the stability, to determine the expiry date and to make the quality control of the formulation. Results: the technological development proved to satisfactory since this formulation complies with all the specifications described in the manufacturer's technique for the quality control of the product. It was confirmed that this preparation keeps its physical, chemical and microbiological properties unchanged for 24 months if stored at 2-8 ºC and protected from light. Pilot scale-up did not show either technological problem or irritating effect according to the European Union criteria for eye irritability. Conclusions: there was attained a latanoprost eye drop formulation for the treatment of glaucoma, which complies with all the quality specifications for this type of pharmaceutical form and could increase the therapeutic arsenal in Cuba(AU)

Comparison of Latanoprost and Brimonidine in the treatment of open angle glaucoma / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AlM:To compare the efficacy and safety of latanoprost and brimonidine in the treatment of open angle glaucoma, and provide reference for rational drug use.METHODS:A total of 121 cases ( 136 eyes ) who were diagnosed as primary open angle glaucoma were selected in this study, and they were randomly divided into experimental group (62 cases, 70 eyes) and control group ( 59 cases, 66 eyes) according to different drug treatment. Patients in the control group received brimonidine eye drops twice a day, while patients in the experimental group received latanoprost eye drops once a day. The intraocular pressure, visual acuity and adverse reactions were checked of the two groups in the following 3mo.RESULTS:The intraocular pressure of patients in the control group was 18. 1 ± 1. 3mmHg, while the experimental group was 17. 0 ± 0. 9mmHg after 12wk of treatment, which were both lower than before (P<0. 05). The fluctuation of intraocular pressure in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group. There was no significant difference in the LogMAR visual acuity between before and after treatment in the control group, while the LogMAR visual acuity of the experimental group was significantly improved. The control group had hyperemia, burning sensation, tearing, eyelid edema and other adverse side effects, and the experimental group had little adverse reactions. CONCLUSlON: Latanoprost can significantly reduce intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients with in the follow- up time, and reduce the impact of elevated intraocular pressure in the vision of glaucoma patients, with little adverse reaction, worthy of clinical application.

Effect of latanoprost combined with timolol treatment on visual function, intraocular pressure and ocular blood flow of open angle glaucoma / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Abstract?AlM: To study the effect of latanoprost combined with timolol treatment on visual function, intraocular pressure and ocular blood flow of open angle glaucoma.?METHODS:A total of 50 cases ( 59 eyes ) with open angle glaucoma were enrolled from January 2012 to May 2014 in our hospital department of ophthalmology, and divided into observation group and control group by adopting the random number table method. Patients in observation group were treated with latanoprost combined with timolol, patients in control group were treated only with timolol. Visual function, intraocular pressure and ocular blood flow were compared.?RESULTS:1, 2, 3 and 4wk after treatment, observation group during the day intraocular pressure, night intraocular pressure were significantly lower than that in control group, vision levels (0. 27±0. 03, 0. 36±0. 06, 0. 44± 0. 06, 0. 63 ± 0. 13 ) were significantly higher than that in control group; observation group peak systolic velocity (14. 41± 1. 73) cm/s, end diastolic velocity (4. 18 ± 0. 67) cm/s were significantly higher than that in control group;vascular resistance index ( 0. 58 ± 0. 07 ) was significantly lower than that in control group.? CONCLUSlON: Latanoprost combined with timolol treatment can reduce intraocular pressure, increase blood flow of central retinal artery, reduce vascular resistance, improve visual acuity.

Cost-minimization Analysis of Prostaglandins Drugs in the Treatment of Glaucoma / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the curative effect and economics of prostaglandins drugs in the treatment of glauco-ma,and to provide reference for clinical medication. METHODS:In retrospective study,a total of 790 glaucoma patients were di-vided into latanoprost group(62 cases),travoprost group(356 cases)and bimatoprost group(372 cases)according to therapy regi-men. They were given relevant medicine. Total effective rate of 3 groups were calculated,and the cost-minimization method was used for pharmacoeconomics evaluation. RESULTS:The total effective rate of 3 groups were 87.10%,84.27%,76.08% respective-ly,without statistical significance(P>0.05). The cost of them were 208.00 yuan,225.00 yuan and 173.00 yuan,and that of bima-toprost group was the lowest. The results of sensitivity analysis was in line with that of cost-minimization analysis. CONCLU-SIONS:For glaucoma,bimatoprost is more economical than latanoprost and travoprost.

Multicenter trial of therapeutic efficacy and safety of domestic latanoprost on primary open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background Prostaglandin eye drops is front-line medicines of lowing intraocular pressure for primary open angle glaucoma (POAG),but its price is higher for long-term application.Domestic latanoprost drops has been applied in clinic.However,its trial of lowing intraocular pressure effect and safety from sizable sample and multi-center is lack.Objective This study was to observe the efficacy and safety of domestic latanoprost for POAG and ocular hypertension.Methods This prospective,multicenter trial was conducted at 25 hospitals in 5 territories of China,and 837 eyes of 576 patients with POAG and ocular hypertension were recruited in the hospitals based on the uniform criteria.Domestic latanoprost drops was topically used once per day at night for 3 months.Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured 1 month and 2 months,3 months to assess the efficacy of drug,and vision acuity,blood pressure,pulse,ocular symptoms and signs were observed to evaluate the safety of the drug.This study approved by the Ethics Committee of Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command,and all patients were informed consent and signed informed consent.Results IOP was (28.36±7.86),(19.66±5.46),(19.59±7.86) and (19.35 ± 5.03) mmHg in pretreatment and posttreatment 1 month,2 months and 3 months,respectively,showing a significant difference among various time points (F =748.325,P =0.000),and the IOPs were markedly lower in posttreatment than those in pretreatment (all at P＜0.001).The falling range of IOP was (30.43 ±7.18)％,(30.19 ± 8.72)％,(30.71±9.90) ％ in posttreatment 1 month,2 months and 3 months,respectively.The efficiency was 95.70％,91.76％ and 88.05％ in 1 month,2 months and 3 months.Conjunctival hyperemia was observed in 13％ eyes at the end of following-up.No drug-related systemic and other ocular adverse reactions were found.Conclusions Domestic latanoprost drops can low IOP effectively without serious adverse reaction in POAG and ocular hypertensive patients.

Diurnal Intraocular Pressure with Bimatoprost/Timolol Fixed Combination versus Latanoprost/Timolol Fixed Combination in Healthy Subjects

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of a bimatoprost/timolol fixed combination (BTFC) and a latanoprost/timolol fixed combination (LTFC) on diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP) and anterior ocular parameters in healthy subjects. METHODS: We enrolled 58 healthy subjects in this prospective clinical study. Thirty subjects were treated with BTFC and 28 subjects were treated with LTFC. IOP was measured every 2 hours except from 01:00 and 05:00. Axial length, corneal curvature, and anterior chamber depth were obtained using the IOL master at baseline and 24 hours later. Adverse events were assessed by patient interview and by slit lamp examination. RESULTS: The largest difference in IOP between treated and untreated eyes 8 hours after instillation was 1.67 mmHg in the BTFC group (p < 0.001). The largest difference in IOP between treated and untreated eyes 10 hours after instillation was 1.93 mmHg in the LTFC group (p < 0.001). For anterior ocular parameters such as axial length, corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth at baseline and 24 hours after instillation, there were no significant differences between the baseline and 24-hour values in either the BTFC or LTFC group. The most frequently occurring adverse event was conjunctival hyperemia, which was found in 33.3% (n = 10) of the BTFC group and 25.0% (n = 7) of the LTFC group (p = 0.486). CONCLUSIONS: BTFC and LTFC provided a significant reduction in IOP from baseline without changing any anterior ocular parameters. Our results provide a reference for monocular trials to assess the effect of eye drops in a clinical condition.